Class 12th English Chapter 5 Ideas that have helped mankind subjective question 

5. Ideas That Have Helped Mankind —     Bertrand Arthur William Russell 

Q. I. How has civilization taught us to be more friendly towards one another? [Arts 20204]

Ans. Civilization gave us family life. We began to live in families and love our children and respect the elders. We also started being fond of domesticated animals. All this made us to be friendly towards one another.

 

Q.2. How did the domestication of animals start? [Arts 2018A]                   Ans. Domestication of animals started especially by taming the cow and the sheep. It must have made life much pleasanter and more secure for the early humans.

 

Q.3. What was the condition of man in the beginning?

Ans. His condition was miserable. He led nomadic life. He lived in caves and jungles. He was afraid of wild animals. He did not know how to prepare his food.

 

Q.4. How with modern civilization the means of enjoyment increased?

Ans. The means of enjoyment such as poetry, music, wine, football became available to us with the growth of civilization. But the question is whether they have made us happier than earlier.

 

5. What was the role of fire in our development?

Ans. The invention of fire proved a milestone in our development. We began to fry our food. It acquainted us with creating light in darkness and protecting us from wild animals. Later on, it resulted in the art of cookery.